Definition

Facial paralysis is the total loss of voluntary muscle movement of one side of the face.

Alternative Names

Paralysis of the face

Considerations

Facial paralysis in adults is often due toBell's palsy. This disorder (probably derived from a virus) usually affects one side of the face causing a drooping mouth, drooling, and excessive tearing from one eye. While the facial distortion usually improves over time, there may be some permanent deformity. Sometimes there is loss of taste on the affected side of the face. Sound may also be louder on the affected side.

In facial paralysis due to stroke, the eye on the affected side can be closed and the forehead can be wrinkled. This is not possible with Bell's palsy. Other muscles on one side of the body may also be involved with a stroke.

Facial paralysis due to a brain tumor generally develops gradually with accompanying headaches, seizures, or hearing loss.

In newborns, facial paralysis may result from birth trauma.

Causes

• Bell's palsy
• Stroke
• Brain tumor
• Sarcoidosis
• Lyme disease
• Infection
• Birth trauma (newborns)

Review Date: 5/8/2003
Reviewed By: Elaine T. Kiriakopoulos, M.D., M.Sc., Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.